Menometrorrhagia, or continuous vaginal bleeding, is a common and concerning issue for many women. While minor variations in a menstrual cycle are normal, prolonged bleeding lasting for more than a week, or bleeding between periods, can signal an underlying health problem. This condition, also known as abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), can be heavy and disruptive.
Common Causes of Continuous Bleeding
Continuous bleeding is often caused by hormonal imbalances or structural issues in the uterus. Here are some of the most frequent causes:
- Hormonal Imbalances: The delicate balance of hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, controls the menstrual cycle. An imbalance can disrupt the uterine lining's normal shedding process, leading to irregular and prolonged bleeding. This is particularly common during puberty and perimenopause.
- Uterine Fibroids and Polyps: These are non-cancerous growths that form in or on the uterus. Fibroids are muscular tumors, while polyps are small, soft growths on the uterine lining. Both can cause heavy or continuous bleeding by putting pressure on the uterine wall.
- Endometriosis: This condition occurs when tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, such as on the ovaries. This misplaced tissue responds to hormonal changes, leading to pain and heavy, irregular bleeding.
- Adenomyosis: In this condition, the uterine lining tissue grows into the muscular wall of the uterus, which can cause severe cramps and heavy, prolonged bleeding.
- Infections: Infections of the uterus or cervix, like pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), can lead to inflammation and abnormal bleeding.
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal disorder that can disrupt the normal process of ovulation. As a result, the uterine lining may not shed regularly, causing it to thicken and lead to heavy or continuous bleeding.
- Thyroid Disorders: An overactive or underactive thyroid can lead to hormonal imbalances that affect the menstrual cycle and cause abnormal bleeding.
- Certain Medications: Some medications, such as blood thinners or hormonal contraceptives, can have side effects that include abnormal uterine bleeding.
When to See a Doctor
While an occasionally heavy period may not be a major concern, you should consult a doctor if the bleeding:
- Lasts for more than seven days.
- It is so heavy you need to change a pad or tampon every hour for several consecutive hours.
- Is accompanied by severe pain, dizziness, or fatigue.
- Occurs after menopause.
Ignoring continuous bleeding can lead to anemia, a condition caused by a lack of red blood cells, which can result in fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.
Treatment and Management
The treatment for continuous bleeding depends on the underlying cause. A doctor will perform a physical exam and may order tests like blood work, an ultrasound, or a biopsy.
- Medication: Hormonal therapies, like birth control pills, can help regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce bleeding. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may also be prescribed to manage pain and bleeding.
- Surgical Options: For structural issues like fibroids or polyps, surgical procedures like a hysteroscopy or myomectomy may be needed to remove the growths. In severe cases, a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) might be considered, especially for women who have completed their family.
- Lifestyle Changes: Maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, and eating a balanced diet can help support hormonal health and potentially reduce symptoms.
Continuous bleeding is a medical issue that shouldn't be ignored. Getting an early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can significantly improve your quality of life and prevent potential health complications.
Disclaimer: This content is published only for health awareness and informational purposes. It's not a substitute for your professional medical advice. You must consult a doctor/healthcare professional regarding your specific health concerns.
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